Every market rally has a policy footnote. Read the budgets and the minutes, and the supposedly mysterious movements of prices start to look like choreography.

Fiscal policy sets the floor: spending, taxation and transfers decide how much demand exists to be fought over. Monetary policy sets the price of patience, rewarding savers or borrowers by turns.

Markets translate both into a single question — what is a future pound worth today? — and reprice the entire world each time the answer wobbles by a fraction.

The current wobble has familiar causes: deficits that outlived their emergency, rates higher than memory but lower than history, and asset prices fluent in optimism.

“Every market rally has a policy footnote.”

Reading the signals without a terminal

You do not need a dealing desk. Watch mortgage fix rates, small-business lending surveys and the tone of central-bank speeches — each is a free, public, surprisingly honest indicator.

City street with a bus at dusk

Above all, separate the cycle from the trend. Cycles punish the impatient; trends reward the positioned. Knowing which one you are watching is half the game.